Words for monk, nun, monastery and related things in Celtic languages.
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | manach [ˈma.nəx] = monk, tenant of church lands mainches = nun mainister = monastery |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | manach, manaig = monk, a tenant of church lands, a kenning for a bee mainches = nun mainister, mainistear = monastery |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | manach [ˈmˠɑːʃtʲəɾʲ / ˈmˠaiʃtʲəɾʲ] = monk manachas = monasticism manachúil = monastic mainistir = monastery, abbey |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | manach [manəx] = monk manachalachd [manəxəl̪ˠəxg] = monasticism manach(d)ail [manəxal] = monastic manachainn [manəxɪn̪ʲ] = monastery, convent manaistear [manɪʃdʲər] = monastery, overseer mainistir [manɪʃdʲɪrʲ] = monastery |
| Manx (Gaelg) | maynagh, monnagh = monk maynaghoil = monastic, monkish, conventual mannishter = monastery, minster, abbey, friary, cloister, religious house |
| Proto-Brythonic | *manax = monk *möstuɨr = monastery |
| Middle Welsh (Kyrmraec) | manach, menach, mynach = monk mustuir = monastery manaches, mynaches = nun |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | mynach, manach [ˈmənaχ. ˈmanaχ] = monk, friar mynachaeth = monasticism mynachaidd = monastic mynachdy, mynachlog = monastery mynaches, manaches = nun |
| Old Cornish | manach = monk manaes = nun |
| Middle Cornish (Cernewec) | manach, manah = monk manaes, monacha = nun, a female recluse |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | managh = monk managhek = monastic managhes = nun managhti = monastery |
| Old Breton (Brethonoc) | manach = monk |
| Middle Breton | manach = monk manaches = nun manachty = monastry |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | manac’h [ˈmãːnax] = monk, hot water bottle, grey periwinkle manac’hez = nun manac’hegezh = monasticism manac’hek = monastic manac’hiñ = to appoint a monk manati [mã.ˈna.tːi] = monastry, cloister, convent |
Etymology: from Latin monachus (monk), from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós – single, solitary), from μόνος (mónos – alone, forsaken, solitary, only, unique), from Proto-Hellenic *mónwos. The Goidelic words may have been borrowed from Proto-Brythonic. Words from the same roots include monk and monastery and minster (a monastic church) in English [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, TermOfis
Is manach (=’monk’) really pronounced [ˈmˠɑːʃtʲəɾʲ / ˈmˠaiʃtʲəɾʲ] in Irish or is this an interference from the previous ‘masters’ on Celtiadur?