Words for person, people and related words in Celtic languages.
| Proto-Celtic | *gdonyos = person |
|---|---|
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | duine [ˈdunʲe] = person duineta = human dóenacht [ˈdoːi̯naxt] = humanity |
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | duine = human, human being, man, mankind, person |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | duine [ˈd̪ˠɪnʲə] = human being, man, mankind, person, people, one duineata = human, kindly duineatacht = humaneness, kindliness duiniúil = human, natural, kindly duiniúlacht = humanity, kindliness |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | duine [dɯn̪ʲə] = fellow, person, man, husband, (any)one daonnachd [dɯːn̪ˠəxg] = humanity, charity, benevolence, liberality, hospitality duine-uasal = gentleman |
| Manx (Gaelg) | dooinney [ˈd̪uːnʲə] = human, man, fellow, husband deiney = human, man, menfolk dooinnalys = humanity, human nature dooinnidaght = humaneness |
| Proto-Brythonic | *dün [ˈdyːn] = human, person |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | din, dyn = man, human being |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | dyn [dɨːn / diːn] = man, human being; person, one, anyone; mankind, the human race; manservant, vassal; manly or competent person dynes [ˈdənɛs] = woman dynegwr, dynegydd = anthropologist dynfarch [ˈdənvarχ] = centaur dyneidd(i)o = to render man-like or human, personify, humanize, civilize, tame, refine dyneiddiol = humanistic, humanitarian, humanizing, civilizing |
| Old Cornish | den = man, person |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | den [dɛ:n / de:n] = man, guy, human, person dengerenjedhek, dengerensedhek = humanitarian denladh = homicide, manslaughter denladhyas = assassin, killer, murderer denses = humanity |
| Old Breton | den / don = man, person |
| Middle Breton | den = man, person |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | den [ˈdẽːn] = human being, person, man, husband |
Etymology: from the Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (earthling, human), from *dʰéǵʰōm (earth), which is also the root of the English words human, humus and (bride)groom [source].
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | popul [ˈpobul] = people; tribe, nation, inhabitants; folk; populace, crowd |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | popul = people |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | pobal [ˈpˠɔbˠəlˠ / ˈpˠʌbˠəlˠ] = people, community; parish, congregation; population pobalscoil = community school poblacht = republic poblachtach = republican teach pobail = church, chapel teange an phobail = vernacular |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | poball [pobəl̪ˠ] = folk, people; community; laity, lay people poballach [pobəl̪ˠəx] = popular, populous poblachd [pɔbl̪ˠəxg] = republic |
| Manx (Gaelg) | pobble = people, population, community, folk, congregation, masses pobbylagh = public, populous pobblaght = republic |
| Proto-Brythonic | *pobl = people |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | pobyl = people |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | pobl [ˈpʰɔbl̩ˠ / ˈpʰɔbl̩] = people, public, nation, tribe, crowd, inhabitants pybl = people, the common person, folk poblog = populous, peopled, populated; popular, acceptable; common poblogaeth = population, populousness poblogedig = populated, inhabited poblogeiddio = to popularize poblogi = to populate, people, inhabit; to popularize |
| Old Cornish | popel = people |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | pobel = people pobla = to populate poblans = population poblansorieth = demographics poblansoriethek = demographic |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | pobl = people, multitude |
Etymology: from the Latin populus (people, nation, community), from the Proto-Italic *poplos (army) [source].
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Gerlyvyr Cernewec, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, English – ProtoCeltic WordList (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic
