How to count in Proto-Indo-European, the reconstructed ancestor of many of the languages spoken in Europe, and parts of western and southern Asia.
If any of the numbers are links, you can hear a recording by clicking on them. If you can provide recordings, please contact me.
| Numeral | Cardinal numbers | Ordinal numbers |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | *Hoi-no- / *Hoi-wo- / *Hoi-k(ʷ)o- / *sem- / *óynos | *pr̥h₃- |
| 2 | *d(u)wo- / *dwóh₁ | e/i dytë |
| 3 | *trei- / *tri- / *tréyes | *trit(ó) |
| 4 | *kʷetwor- / *kʷetur- / *kʷetwóres | *kʷeturt(ó) |
| 5 | *penkʷe | *penkʷet(ó) |
| 6 | *s(w)eḱs | *s(w)eḱst(ó) |
| 7 | *septm̥ | *septm̥t(ó) |
| 8 | *oḱtō / *oḱtou / *h₃eḱtō / *h₃eḱtou / *(h)oḱtṓw | *oḱtōt(ó) |
| 9 | *(h₁)newn̥ | *(h₁)newn̥t(ó) |
| 10 | *deḱm̥(t) | *deḱm̥t(ó) |
| 20 | *wīḱm̥t- | |
| 30 | *trīḱomt- | |
| 40 | *kʷetwr̥̄ḱomt- | |
| 50 | *penkʷēḱomt- | |
| 60 | *s(w)eḱsḱomt- | |
| 70 | septm̥̄ḱomt- | |
| 80 | *oḱtō(u)ḱomt- | |
| 90 | *(h₁)newn̥̄ḱomt- | |
| 100 | *ḱm̥tom | |
| 1000 | *ǵʰeslo- / *tusdḱomti |
Information about Proto-Indo-European numbers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_numerals
Information about Proto-Indo-European | Numbers | Family words
Alphabetical index | Language family index
[top]
You can support this site by Buying Me A Coffee, via PayPal or Patreon, or by contributing in other ways.
If you find all the adverts annoying, there is now an Ad-free version of Omniglot which you can access for a small monthly or annual donation.
Note: all links on this site to Amazon.com
This website and its content is copyright of Simon Ager - © Simon Ager 1998-2026. All rights reserved. All images were created by me, unless otherwise indicated. Feel free to use them for personal, educational or non-commercial purposes, and don't forget to mention where they came from. More details about copyright
[top]
