This page contains words that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates
These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arathar | àrach* | erroo | aradr | arader | arar | plough ploughman |
| bac | bac | bac | bach | bagh | bac'h | hook mattock hindrance |
| cliabh | cliabh | clean | cawell | kowell | kavell | basket creel pannier |
| coire | coire | coirrey | pair | per* | per | cauldron kettle boiler |
| liach | liogh | lheegh | llwy | lo | loa | spoon ladle |
| píce | pìc | peeik | pig | pig | pig | pickaxe pike peak |
| scuab | sguab | skeab | ysgub ysgubell |
skub skubell |
skub skubell |
brush broom sheaf |
| slat | slat | slat | llath | lath | lazh | stick rod staff |
| snáthaid | snàthad | snaid | nodwydd | naswydh najedh |
nadoez | needle pin |
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These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adhal | adhal | aall | — | — | fork trident |
|
| — | — | — | allwedd | alhwedh | alc'hwez | key |
| bascead | basgaid | basca(i)d baskad |
basgeg | basket | — | basket pannier |
| biail | biail* | — | bwyell | bool | bouc'hal | axe hatchet |
| caib | caibe | kiebbey | caib | — | — | pickaxe spade dibble |
| — | — | — | callor callawr |
kalter | kaoter | cauldron kettle boiler |
| casúr | casar | casoor | — | — | — | hammer |
| céachta | ceuchd* | keeaght | — | — | — | plough plough-beam |
| cis ciséan |
cis cisean ciosan |
kishan | — | — | — | basket creel |
| cló | clò | clou | clo | — | klaou | bolt lock nail |
| cuach | cuach | — | cawg | — | — | cup dish bowl |
| — | — | — | cyllell | kollell | kontell | knife |
| eochair | iuchair | ogher | agoriad | — | — | key |
| forc | forca | — | fforc | forgh | forc'h | fork |
| — | — | — | morthwyl | morthol | morzhol | hammer |
| ord | òrd | oard | gordd | — | horzh | hammer |
| píce | pìc | — | pig | pig | pik | pickaxe pike peak |
| — | — | — | pigell | pigell | pigell | goad hoe mattock |
| seam | sèam | sheaym | hem | — | — | rivet peg pin |
| spúnóg | spàin | spein | — | — | — | spoon |
| tál | tàl | taal | — | — | — | adze |
| tua | tuagh | teigh | — | — | — | axe hatchet |
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Complete Cognates, Partial Cognates . Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives | Animals | Birds | Clothes | Colours | Conjunctions | Countries | Directions | Food and Drink | Landscape | Languages | Metals | Musical terms | Numbers | Parts of the body | People | Pronouns | Prepositions | Sea creatures | Time expressions | Trees and Plants | Verbs | Weather | Tools | Other words
A collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Celtiberian, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh
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