Adjectives | Conjunctions | Pronouns | Verbs | People | Animals | Birds | Fish | Parts of the body | Colours | Numbers | Time expressions | Musical terms | Trees | Other words
A collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Celtiberian, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
Words marked with an asterisk are archaic and/or used only in place names. The Cornish words shown are in the Standard Written Form (Furv Skrifys Savonek) of Cornish. The Breton words are in Peurunvan/Modern Standard Spelling.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| abhainn | abhainn | awin | afon | avon | aven | river star |
| ser* | sêr | ster | ster | |||
| ainm | ainm | ennym | enw | hanow | anv | name |
| anáil | anail | ennal | anadl | anal | anal | breath |
| anam | anam | annym | enef | eneff | soul life |
|
| anseo | an-seo | ayns shoh | yma | omma | amañ | here |
| ansin | an-sin | ayns shen | yna | ena | aze | there |
| ansiúd (thall ansin) | an-siud | ayns shid | draw acw |
yn tre | ahont | yonder |
| aois | aois | eash | oes oed |
oos ooj |
oad | age |
| áth | àth | aah | ford | |||
| rith | rhyd | rys red |
red | |||
| baile | baile | balley | beili | town house farmstead |
||
| treibh | treabh treubh |
tre(f) | trev | trev | ||
| báisteach | baisteach | Bashtagh | rain wetting Baptist |
|||
| fearthainn | ||||||
| fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliaghey | ||||
| glaw | glaw | glav | ||||
| bealach | bealach | bollagh | bwlch | bolgh | boulc'h | way, road, track, pass |
| beann | beann | beinn | ban | ban | bann | top peak horn |
| beatha | beatha | beaghey | bywyd | bewnans | buhez | life |
| beo | beò | bio | byw | bew | bev | alive living |
| bás | bàs | basse | dead death deceased |
|||
| marbh | marbh | merriu marroo |
marw marwolaeth |
mernans | marv | |
| éag | eug | angau | ankow | ankow | ||
| bia | biadh | bee | bwyd | boos | boued | food |
| bith* | bith | beays | byd | bys | bed | world existence lifetime |
| saol | saoghal | seihll | ||||
| bord | bòrd | boayrd | bwrdd bwrd |
bord bordh |
bourzh | table board |
| tábla | tàbla | taabyl | tabl | tabel | taol | |
| bóthar | bòthar | bayr | beidr | bownder | road lane track way |
|
| ffordd | fordh | |||||
| brí | brìgh | bree | bri | bri | bri | strength energy honour dignity |
| bríste | briogais | breeçhyn | brits(h) | bragez bragoù |
trousers breeches |
|
| triús | triubhas | troosyn | trywsus | |||
| lavrek | lavreg | |||||
| broinne | broinn | brein | bryn | bronn brodn |
bronn | hill(ock) breast bulge |
| caint | cainnt | caaynt | speech talk |
|||
| Cáisg | Càisg | Caisht | Pasg | Pask | Pask | Easter |
| cáis | càise | caashey | caws | keus | keuz formaj |
cheese |
| carraig | carraig | carrick | carreg | karrek | karreg | stone rock cliff |
| cloch | clach | clagh | clog | clog | kleger | |
| cath | cath | cah | cad | kas | kad | battle |
| casair | casair | cesair | keser | kazarc'h | hail | |
| cloichshneachta | clach-shneachd | claghyn sniaghtee | ||||
| cenllysg | ||||||
| casúr | casar | casoor | hammer | |||
| morthwyl | morthol | morzhol | ||||
| cill | cill | keeill | cell | kell | kell | (hermit's) cell church |
| cistin | cistin | kishteen | cegin | kegin | kegin | kitchen |
| cliath | cliath | cleea | clwyd | kloes | kloued | hurdle |
| clog | clag | clag | cloch | clogh | kloc'h | bell clock |
| clú | cliù | goo | clyw | klew | klev | hearing fame |
| cnó | cnò | cro | cnau | know | kraoñ | nut |
| cnoc | cnoc | cronk | cnwc | knegh | krug | hill(ock) bulge |
| brí | bre* | bre | bre | bre | ||
| torgenn | ||||||
| dún | dùn | doon | din dinas |
din dinas |
din | fort fortress town city castle |
| caer | ker | kaer | ||||
| caiseal | caisteal | cashtal | castell | kastel | kastell | |
| cruach | cruach | creagh | crug | cruk | cruc | hillock heap stack pile |
| damhna | damhna | defnydd | devnydh | danvez | matter material substance |
|
| dobhar* | dobhar* | dooar* | dŵr | dowr | dour | water |
| uisce | uisge | ushtey | ||||
| droichead | drochaid | droghad | bridge | |||
| pont | pons | pont | ||||
| eaglais | eaglais | agglish | eglwys | eglos | iliz | church |
| eidheann | eidheann | hibbin | eiddew | idhyow(en) | iliav(enn) iliou(enn) |
ivy |
| eite eiteog |
ite iteag |
fedjag | adain | wing feather fin |
||
| asgell | askel | askell | ||||
| fáilte | fàilte | failt | welcome | |||
| féan | feun | fainagh | gwain | goen gweyn |
gouin | wagon wain cart sheath scabbard |
| féar | feur | faiyr | gwair | gora | garzh | hay grass |
| fíor | fìor | feer | gwir | gwir | gwir | true |
| flaith | flath | flah | gwlad | gwlas gulas |
glad | sovereignty lordship country nation |
| gaoth | gaoth | geay | wind breeze flatulence whistle |
|||
| fead | fead | fed | gwynt | gwyns | gwent | |
| awel | awel | avel | ||||
| glan | glan | glen | glan | glan | glan | clean clear |
| gort | gort | garth | orth | garth | field garden enclosure hedge plain |
|
| achadh | achadh | |||||
| machaire | machair | magher | ||||
| raon | raon | rheam | ||||
| caí* | cae | ke | kae | |||
| maes | mes | maez | ||||
| grian | grian | grian | sun | |||
| súil | sùil | sooill | haul | howl | heol | eye / sun |
| ím | ìm | eem | (y)menyn | amanyn | amann | butter |
| inbhear | inbhir | inver | river mouth estuary confluence of waters |
|||
| obar | aber | aber | aber | |||
| íth* | uwd | yôs | yod | porridge oatmeal gruel |
||
| leite | lite | |||||
| brachán | brochan | broghan | ||||
| lár | làr | laare | llawr | leur | leur | floor ground |
| lann* | lann | lann | llan | lann | lan | church parish land enclosure |
| leabhar | leabhar | lioar | llyfr | lyver | levr | book |
| léine | lèine | lheiney | shirt tunic girdle |
|||
| cris | crys | krys | krez | |||
| leann | llen | len | lenn | curtain cloak cover blanket |
||
| lus | lus | lus | llys | les | louzaouenn | plant herb |
| mil | mil | mill | mêl | mel | mel | honey |
| muir | muir | mooir | môr | mor | mor | sea |
| Nollaig | Nollaig | Nollick | Nadolig | Nadelik | Nedeleg | Christmas |
| olann | olann | ollan | gwlân | gwlan | glaon | wool |
| póg | pòg | paag | poc | pok | kiss | |
| cwmwl | kommol | koumoulenn | cloud | |||
| néal | neul | neeal | niwl | niwl | nivlenn | mist |
| neamh | nèamh | niau | nef | nev | neñv | sky heaven sphere |
| spéir | speur | speyr | sffêr | |||
| óir | oir | oyr | for because reason |
|||
| ród | rathad | raad | rhawd | roud | road | |
| seo | seo | shoh | hwn hon hyn |
ma | mañ | this |
| sin | sin | shen | hwnnw honno hynny |
homma honna |
se | that |
| siabhainn* | siabhann | sheeabin | sebon | sebon | soavon | soap |
| sliabh | sliabh | slieau | mountain moorland hillside |
|||
| moned* monad* |
monadh | muyne | mynydd | menydh | menez | |
| sliocht | sliochd | sluight | llwybr | path track section offspring |
||
| cosán | casan | cassan | ||||
| slí | slighe | sleayd | ||||
| séad | séad | hynt | hens hyns |
hent | ||
| sneachta | sneachd | sniaghtey | nyf* | snow | ||
| eira | ergh | erc'h | ||||
| spiorad | spiorad | spyrryd | ysbryd | speris | speret | spirit ghost |
| sráid | sràid | straid | stryd | stret | straed | street alley highway |
| ffordd | fordh | |||||
| sruth | sruth | stroo | ffrwd | frot* | froud | stream river current valley |
| nant | nans | ant | ||||
| sú | sùgh | soo soolagh |
sudd sug |
súgan | soubenn | juice sap soup |
| táille | taille | tailley | tâl talaith |
tal | tailh | fare fee tally |
| teach | taigh | thie | tŷ | chi | ti | house |
| teanga | teanga | çhengey | tafod | taves tavas |
teod | language tongue tribe people |
| icht | aiteam | eggys | iaith | yeth | yezh | |
| tine | teine | çhenney | tân | tan | tan | fire angel lightning |
| aingeal | aingeal | aile | angel | eledh | ael | |
| tír | tìr | çheer | tir | tir | tir | land country |
| uaimh | uaimh | oghe ooig |
(g)ogof | gogoow gug |
cave | |
| groc'h mougev |
||||||
| uair | uair | oor | awr | our eur |
eur | hour time |
| úll | ubhal | ooyl | afal | aval | aval | apple |
Adjectives | Conjunctions | Pronouns | Verbs | People | Animals | Birds | Fish | Parts of the body | Colours | Numbers | Time expressions | Musical terms | Trees | Other words
A collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Celtiberian, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
[top]
If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.
Stòr-fhaclan Co-dhàimheil Ceilteach (Database of Celtic cognates)
http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/scc/lorg.php
McBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Tartessian, Welsh
Why not share this page:
If you need to type in many different languages, the Q International Keyboard can help. It enables you to type almost any language that uses the Latin, Cyrillic or Greek alphabets, and is free.
If you like this site and find it useful, you can support it by making a donation via PayPal or Patreon, or by contributing in other ways. Omniglot is how I make my living.
Note: all links on this site to Amazon.com
Copyright © 1998–2020 Simon Ager | Email: 
| Hosted by Kualo
