Words for trees and other plants that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates
These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beith | beith | beih | bedw | besewen | bezv | birch |
| bláth | blàth | blaa | blodyn | bleujen | bleuñv | flower blossom |
| crann | crann | croan | pren | pren | prenn | tree mast boom wood bar |
| fiodh | fiodh | fuygh | gwŷdd | gwydh | gwez | tree wood timber |
| abhaill | abhall | ooyl | afall | avalen | avalwez | apple |
| beith | beith | beih | bedw | besewen | bezv | birch |
| coll | coll calltainn |
coull | coll | koll | kelvez | hazel |
| cuileann | cuileann | cullyn | celyn(en) | kelyn(nen) | kelen(enn) | holly |
| dair doire |
dair darach |
darragh darrag |
dâr derw(en) |
dar derw(en) |
derv | oak |
| duille | duille | duilley | dail | delen | deil | leaf foliage |
| eidheann | eidheann | hibbin | eiddew | idhyow | iliav | ivy |
| feá | feagha | faih | ffawydden | fowenn | faouenn | beech |
| fearnóg | feàrna | farney | gwern | gwern | gwern | alder |
| féar | feur | faiyr | gwair | gora | garzh | hay grass |
| fraoch | fraoch | freoagh | grug | grug | brug | heather |
| fréamh | freumh | fraue | gwraidd | gwreydh | gwrizienn | root origin source |
| geil | geil | gyndyr | gwellt | gwels | geot gwelt |
grass graze |
| fuinseog | fuinnseag uinnseann |
unjin | onn | onn | onn | ash |
| iúr | iubhar iùbhar |
euar | efwr ewr |
evor | evor | yew alder |
| eó | eo | iodh | yw | ewin | iwin ivin |
yew |
| leamhán | leamhan | lhiouan | llwyf | elow | evlec'h | elm linden lime |
| lus | lus | lus | llys | les | louzaouenn | plant herb |
| clann planda |
clann plannt |
cloan plant |
plant | plans | plantenn | children clan plant |
| raithneach | raineach | renniagh | rhedyn | reden | raden | fern bracken |
| saileach | seileach | shellagh | helygen (sg) helyg (pl) |
helygen (sg) helyk (pl) |
halegenn (sg) haleg (pl) |
willow |
These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| abhaill | abhall | — | afallen | avalen | avalwez | apple tree |
| — | bealaidh | — | banadl banal |
banadhel | banal | broom (shrub) |
| bile | bile | billey | pill | — | pil | tree mast bush trunk |
| — | — | — | coed coeden |
koos | koad | forest wood tree |
| craobh | craobh | crouw | — | — | — | branch tree bush |
| cabhail (?) | cabhail (?) | — | cyff | — | kef | trunk stump stock |
| — | — | — | egroesen | amgroasenn | agroazenn | (rose) hip(s) brier |
| géag | geug | — | cainc | — | — | branch bough limb |
| giolcach | giolcach | giucklagh | — | — | — | broom (shrub) |
| — | — | — | meillion | mellyon | melchon | clover shamrock |
| seamair | seamair | — | — | — | — | clover shamrock |
| seamróg | siumrag | shamrag samark |
siamroc samrog |
— | — | shamrock |
Geirfa Natur (Nature Glossary) - words for animals, birds, fish and other creatures in the modern Celtic language (Excel format, provided by Gwyn Harrison)
Complete Cognates, Partial Cognates . Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives | Animals | Birds | Clothes | Colours | Conjunctions | Countries | Directions | Food and Drink | Landscape | Languages | Metals | Musical terms | Numbers | Parts of the body | People | Pronouns | Prepositions | Sea creatures | Time expressions | Trees and Plants | Verbs | Weather | Tools | Other words
A collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Celtiberian, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
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If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.
Stòr-fhaclan Co-dhàimheil Ceilteach (Database of Celtic cognates)
http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/scc/lorg.php
McBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh
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