This page contains numbers that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates
Complete Cognates (all languages),
Complete Cognates (Goidelic languages),
Complete Cognates (Brythonic languages),
Partial Cognates.
Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives |
Animals |
Birds |
Clothes | Colours |
Conjunctions |
Countries |
Directions |
Food and Drink |
Landscape |
Buildings |
Languages |
Metals |
Musical terms |
Names |
Numbers |
Parts of the body |
People |
Prepositions |
Pronouns |
Sea creatures |
Time expressions |
Tools |
Trees and Plants |
Vehicles |
Verbs |
Weather |
Other words
Cardinal numbers | Ordinal numbers | Fractional numbers | Other number-related words
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aon | aon | nane/un | un | onan | unan | one |
| dó | dha | da | dau (m) dwy (f) |
dew (m) diw (f) |
daou (m) div (f) |
two |
| trí | trì | tree | tri (m) tair (f) |
tri (m) teyr (f) |
tri (m) teir (f) |
three |
| ceathar | ceithir | kiare | pedwar (m) pedair (f) |
peswar (m) peder (f) |
pevar (m) peder (f) |
four |
| cúig | cóig | queig | pump | pymp | pemp | five |
| sé | sia | shey | chwech | hwegh | c'hwec'h | six |
| seacht | seachd | siaght | saith | seyth | seizh | seven |
| ocht | ochd | hoght | wyth | eth | eizh | eight |
| naoi | naoi | nuy | naw | naw | nav | nine |
| deich | deich | jeih | deg | deg | dek | ten |
| fiche | fichead | feed | ugain | ugens | ugent | twenty |
| tríocha | trichead | treead | — | — | tregont | thirty |
| céad | ceud | keead | cant | kans | kant | hundred |
| míle | mìle | milley | mil | mil | mil | 1,000 |
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| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| céad (1ú) an chéad (1ú) aonú (1ú) |
ciad a chiad (1ᵈ) |
kied, yn chied | cynta(f) (1af) | kensa | kentañ (1añ) | first before previous |
| dara, an dara dóú (2ú) |
dara (2ʳᵃ) an dàrna (2ⁿᵃ) |
derrey, yn nah | ail | nessa, eyl | eil (2l) | second |
| tríú an tríu (3ú) |
(an) treas (3ˢ) tritheamh (3ᵐʰ) treasamh (3ᵐʰ) |
treeoo yn trass |
trydydd (m) trydedd (f) |
tressa | trede (3e) | third |
| ceathrú an ceathrú (4ú) |
(an) ceathramh (4ᵐʰ) | kerroo kiarroo yn chiarroo |
pedwerydd (m) pedwaredd (f) |
peswara | pevarve (4e) | fourth |
| an cúigiú (5ú) | an còigeamh cùigeamh (5ᵐʰ) |
yn whieggoo | pumed | pympes | pemp(v)et (5vet) | fifth |
| an seú (6ú) | (an) siathamh (6ᵐʰ) | yn çheyoo | chweched | hweghves | c’hwec’hvet (6vet) | sixth |
| an seachtú (7ú) | (an) seachdamh (7ᵐʰ) | yn çhiaghtoo | seithfed | seythves | seizhvet (7vet) | seventh |
| an t-ochtú (8ú) | (an t-)ochdamh (8ᵐʰ) | kerroo, kiarroo | yn hoghtoo | ethves | eizhvet (8vet) | eighth |
| an naoú (9ú) | (an) naoitheamh (9ᵐʰ) | yn nuyoo | nawfed | nawves | navet (9vet) | ninth |
| an deichiú (10ú) | (an) deaicheamh (10ᵐʰ) | yn jeihoo | degfed | degves | dekvet (10vet) | tenth |
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| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| leath | leth | lieh | hanner | hanter | hanter | one half (½) |
| trian tríú (cuid) |
trian | treen | traen | tryja rann tressa rann |
trede | one third (⅓) |
| ceathrú | ceathramh | kerroo | chwarter | kwarter | kartel | one quarter (¼) |
| cúigiú (cuid) | cóigeadh | queiggoo | pumed | pympes | pempet | one fifth (⅕) |
| séú (cuid) | seiseadh | sheyoo | chweched | hweghves | c’hwec’hvet | one sixth (⅙) |
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| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| áireamh | àireamh | earroo | eirif | — | eirimotor† | number count(ing) sum |
| uimhir | (f)uimhir | — | nifer | niver | niver | number |
| ríomh | rìomh† | — | rhif cyfrif |
riv | riñv | number to count |
Proto-Celtic, Celtiberian, Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic, Cumbric, Old Welsh, Middle Welsh, Welsh, Middle Cornish, Cornish, Old Breton, Middle Breton, Breton Old Irish, Middle Irish, Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic
Alphabetical index | Language family index
Complete Cognates (all languages),
Complete Cognates (Goidelic languages),
Complete Cognates (Brythonic languages),
Partial Cognates.
Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives |
Animals |
Birds |
Clothes | Colours |
Conjunctions |
Countries |
Directions |
Food and Drink |
Landscape |
Buildings |
Languages |
Metals |
Musical terms |
Names |
Numbers |
Parts of the body |
People |
Prepositions |
Pronouns |
Sea creatures |
Time expressions |
Tools |
Trees and Plants |
Vehicles |
Verbs |
Weather |
Other words
The Celtiadur blog is a collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Middle Breton and Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
On the Celtic Pathways podcast I discuss connections between the Celtic languages, and look for words with Celtic roots in non-Celtic languages, such as English, French, Spanish, Galician and Portuguese.
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If you would like to make any corrections or additions to this page, or if you can provide recordings, please contact me.
Stòr-fhaclan Co-dhàimheil Ceilteach (Database of Celtic cognates)
http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/scc/lorg.php
McBain's Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/MB2/
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Neo-Brittonic, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh
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