Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba)

Lithuanian is an Eastern Baltic language spoken mainly in Lithuania by about 2.9 million people. There are also speakers of Lithuanian in a number of other countries, including the UK (91,700), Germany (53,200), Norway (39,300), the USA (39,800), and the Russian Federation (31,300) [source].

Lithuanian is related to Latvian and Old Prussian. It is thought to be the most conservative of the Indo-European languages currently spoken, and retains elements of Proto-Indo-European not found in other modern Indo-European languages.

Lithuanian at a glance

  • Native name: lietuvių kalba
  • Language family: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Eastern Baltic
  • Number of speakers: c. 2.9 million
  • Spoken in: mainly Lithuania and Poland
  • First written: 1547
  • Writing system: Latin alphabet
  • Status: state language of Lithuania

Lithuanian first appeared in print in 1547 in a catechism. The first Lithuanian dictionary was printed during the 17th century. Between 1864 and 1904 the printing and teaching of Lithuanian was banned; Russian, Polish, Belarusian or Latin had to be used instead. However, some material was published in Lithuanian using the Cyrillic alphabet. Various spelling systems were used, such as the one below. After this ban was lifted in 1904, there was a resurgence of Lithuanian literature.

Cyrillic alphabet for Lithuanian (Литовская Азбука И и)

Cyrillic alphabet for Lithuanian (Литовская Азбука И и)

Source: Дíевiшка лiтургija швэнто Jóно Аŷксобýрнio (Dieviška liturgija švento Jono Auksaburnio / Divine liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom) (1887)

From 1918 to 1940, the nation of Lithuania was independent, and over 7,000 books in Lithuanian were published. Since 1991, when Lithuania once more gained its independence, a large number of publications in Lithuanian has appeared, including newspapers, magazines and scientific and technical works.

Lithuanian is the state language of Lithuania and one of the official languages of the European Union (EU). It is also recognised as a minority language in Poland.

Lithuanian alphabet (lietuvių abėcėlė) & pronunciation

Latin alphabet for Lithuanian

Listen to Augustinas Žemaitis reading the Lithuanian alphabet

Notes

Download a Lithuanian alphabet chart (Excel)

Sample text

Visi žmonės gimsta laisvi ir lygūs savo orumu ir teisėmis. Jiems suteiktas protas ir sąžinė ir jie turi elgtis vienas kito atžvilgiu kaip broliai.

Listen to Augustinas Žemaitis reading this text

Translation

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

Sample videos in Lithuanian

Information about Lithuanian | Phrases | Numbers | Family words | Idioms | Tower of Babel | Learning materials

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Links

Information about Lithuanian
http://postilla.mch.mii.lt/Kalba/kalbarast.en.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_language
https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lit

Online Lithuanian lessons
http://www.debeselis.net
http://www.slic.org.au/Language/
http://www.lithuanian.libsyn.com
http://www.youtube.com/user/LTvideocourse
http://polymath.org/lithuanian.php

Online Lithuanian phrases
http://www.debeselis.net/phrases.php
http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/other/quickfix/lithuanian.shtml
http://www.linguanaut.com/english_lithuanian.htm

Online Lithuanian dictionaries
https://www.lexilogos.com/english/lithuanian_dictionary.htm
http://www.lingvozone.com/LingvoSoft-Online-English-Lithuanian-Dictionary
http://www.lkz.lt/
http://lkiis.lki.lt/
http://www.zodynas.lt
http://www.lietuviuzodynas.lt
https://www.angluzodynas.lt/

Online Lithuanian news
http://www.omni.lt

Online Lithuanian radio
http://www.lrt.lt
http://www.ziniuradijas.lt
http://saulesradijas.lt
http://www.radijas.fm

Baltic languages

Latgalian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Samogitian

Languages written with the Cyrillic alphabet

Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Aghul, Akhvakh, Akkala Sámi, Aleut, Altay, Alyutor, Andi, Archi, Assyrian / Neo-Assyrian, Avar, Azeri, Bagvalal, Balkar, Bashkir, Belarusian, Bezhta, Bosnian, Botlikh, Budukh, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chamalal, Chechen, Chelkan, Chukchi, Chulym, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Dargwa, Daur, Dolgan, Dungan, Enets, Erzya, Even, Evenki, Gagauz, Godoberi, Hinukh, Hunzib, Ingush, Interslavic, Itelmen, Juhuri, Kabardian, Kaitag, Kalderash Romani, Kalmyk, Karaim, Karakalpak, Karata, Karelian, Kazakh, Ket, Khakas, Khanty, Khinalug, Khorasani Turkic, Khwarshi, Kildin Sámi, Kili, Komi, Koryak, Krymchak, Kryts, Kubachi, Kumandy, Kumyk, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lak, Lezgi, Lingua Franca Nova, Lithuanian, Ludic, Macedonian, Mansi, Mari, Moksha, Moldovan, Mongolian, Montenegrin, Nanai, Negidal, Nenets, Nganasan, Nivkh, Nogai, Old Church Slavonic, Oroch, Orok, Ossetian, Pontic Greek, Romanian, Rushani, Russian, Rusyn, Rutul, Selkup, Serbian, Shor, Shughni, Siberian Tatar, Sirenik, Slovio, Soyot, Tabassaran, Tajik, Talysh, Tat, Tatar, Teleut, Ter Sámi, Tindi, Tofa, Tsakhur, Tsez, Turkmen, Tuvan, Ubykh, Udege, Udi, Udmurt, Ukrainian, Ulch, Urum, Uyghur, Uzbek, Veps, Votic, Wakhi, West Polesian, Xibe, Yaghnobi, Yakut, Yazghulami, Yukaghir (Northern / Tundra), Yukaghir (Southern / Kolyma), Yupik (Central Siberian)

Languages written with the Latin alphabet

Page last modified: 14.01.24

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